Section
H is approximately 110' in overall length,
with 33' of surviving deadwood, keel, and keelson in the stern.
The section is heeled over to the port side, with the hollow
of the stern forming what divers have called an "A-frame"
on the site (the space under the transom and the stern deadwood).
Maststeps and pumpshafts are found on the surviving section
of keelsons. The location of maststeps suggests that the ship
was three-masted.
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| Iron
knee on Section H |
Keyed
scarph on Section H |
Through
a comparison of
scantlings
and construction techniques, Section C ,
the inverted bilge of a centerboard vessel, has been identified
as being from the same vessel as Section H, the A.P. Nichols
. Being inverted, this 106' Section allows divers to
observe the keel that runs flush with the exterior planking.
This is one of the features often seen in Great Lakes schooners
to reduce the draft of the vessel as much as possible, allowing
the vessel to navigate shallow spots. Ocean vessels could
be built with deep hulls and wide beams to compensate for
the greater length, but Great Lakes vessels were limited in
this regard by shallow spots and locks.
An
iron knee survives on Section H near the
juncture with Section C . The knee is evidence
of composite materials being used in Great Lakes sailing
vessels
as early as 1869. The knee is fastened over the deck clamps
that are joined with square-keyed
scarphs
, evidence of a somewhat
elaborate reinforcement technique
said to be 25 percent stronger than a plain scarph joint.
The iron knees and keyed scarphs are two refinements in latter
nineteenth century vessel reinforcement that made the Nichols
a particularly well-built vessel.
Two
surviving chainplate stations are found along the bulwarks.
The plates are on the underside of the bulwark and are barely
visible.
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